Probability
Q1.
An urn contains 3 pink and 6 white balls . A, B, C and D draw one ball in turn without replacement, one who gets pink ball first wins .
find the probability of winning of C.
Solution.
If A and B both will lose then C will get chance to win
probability of winning of C = P(A' ∩ B' ∩ C)
= P(A') . P(B') . P(C) =
6/9
.
5/8
.
3/7
=
5/28
Solution
Q2.
A card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards . find the probability of getting a club or a king .
In this card n(S) = 52
P(A or B) = P(A ∪ B)
P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A ∩ B)
A = shows king , B = shows club
P(A ∪ B) =
4/52
+
13/52
-
1/52
=
4/13
Direct one can do this , there are 13 club cards and 4 king but one king is already exist in 13 club cards so favourable outcome are 16 ,
probability is
16/52
=
4/13
Solution
Q3.
Two dice are thrown simultaneously, find the probability of getting the sum as a prime number.
(a) 5/12 (b)
1/12 (c) 1/2 (d) 5/14
Solution.
(a) 5/12
Solution
Q4.
A bag contains cards which are numbered from 6 to 80. A card is drawn at random from the bag. Find the probability that it has 2 digit number.
(a) 6/80 (b) 71/76 (c) 71/75 (d) 63/100
Solution.
n(S) = 75
n(A) = 71
P(A) = n(A)/n(S)
= 71/75
Solution
Q5.
3 books of maths , 2 books of physics and 4 books of statistics are randomly arranged on a shelf in a vertical row . find the
probability that the book of the same language are together .
Solution.
Total number of ways to arrange the book are 9! and
the number of ways to arrange the books of same language together = 3! . 2! . 4! . 3!
the required probability is
3! . 2! . 4! . 3!/9!
Solution
Q6.
A, B and C are three mutually exclusive and exhaustive events such that P(A) = 2P(B) = 4P(C) find the value of P(C) .
Solution.
A, B and C are exhaustive events
so P(A) + P(B) + P(C) = 1
let P(A) = 2P(B) = 4P(C) = x
P(A) = x , P(B) =
x/2
, P(C)
=
x/4
x +
x/2
+
x/4
= 1 ⇒
3x/2
+
x/4
= 1
14x/8
= 1 ⇒
7x/4
= 1 ⇒ x =
4/7
P(C) =
x/4
=
4/7.4
=
1/7
Solution
Q7.
Probability of occurrance of an event + Probability of non-occurrance of that event is
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) none of these
Solution.
(a) 1
Solution
Q8.
A boy contains 5 Red balls, 4 blue balls and x balls . If the random probability of picking two green ballsis
1/7
, find x .
Solution.
1/7
=
xC2/9 + xC2
=
x!/2!(x - 2)!
/
(9 + x)!/(7 + x)! 2!
1/7
=
x!/(x - 2)!
x
(7 + x)!/(9 + x)!
1/7
=
x (x - 1)(x - 2)!/(x - 2)!
x
(7 + x)!/(9 + x)(8 + x)(7 + x)!
1/7
=
x(x - 1)/(9 + x)(8 + x)
solving this x = 6
Solution
Q9.
An unbiased coin is tossed three times. The expected value of the number of heads is .
(a) 1 (b) 1.5 (c) 2.5 (d) 3
Solution.
(b) 1.5
Solution
Q10.
Conditional probability P(A/B) is defined only when
(a) A is an sure event
(b) B is an certain event .
(c) B is not an
impossible event .
(d) None of these .
Solution.
(c) B is not an impossible event .
P(A/B) =
P(A ∩ B)/P(B)
∴ P(B) ≠ 0
Solution